Which document granted men the right to vote in 1870?

The document that granted men the right to vote in 1870 is the Fifteenth Amendment. This amendment was specifically designed to prohibit the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on "race, color, or previous condition of servitude." Ratified on February 3, 1870, it was a significant milestone in the post-Civil War Reconstruction era aimed at ensuring the political rights of African American men.

The Fourteenth Amendment, while pivotal in providing citizenship rights and equal protection under the law, does not specifically address voting rights for men. The Nineteenth Amendment, ratified much later in 1920, granted women the right to vote, so it does not pertain to the context of voting rights for men in 1870. The Declaration of Independence, although foundational in articulating the principles of freedom and equality in the United States, does not function as a voting rights document like the Fifteenth Amendment.